Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
نویسنده
چکیده
IVF has become a well-established treatment for certain types of infertility, including long-standing infertility due to tubal disease, endometriosis, unexplained infertility or infertility involving a male factor. Soon it became clear that certain couples with severe male-factor infertility could not be helped by conventional IVF. Extremely low sperm counts, impaired motility and/or abnormal morphology represent the main causes of failed fertilization in conventional IVE In order to tackle this problem, several procedures of assisted fertilization based on micromanipulation of oocytes and spermatozoa have been established. The evolution of these techniques started with partial zona dissection (PZD), followed by subzonal insemination (SUZI) and finally led to the procedure of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). ICSI represents the injection of a single spermatozoon directly into the ooplasm, thereby crossing not only the zona pellucida but also the oolemma. In 1992, the first human pregnancies and births after replacement of embryos generated by this novel procedure of assisted fertilization were reported (Palermo et al., 1992). The use of PZD had become controversial and was subsequently abandoned by many workers. Fertilization rates after ICSI were reported to be significantly better than after SUZI (Van Steirteghem et al., 1993a). Moreover, ICSI resulted in the production of more embryos with higher implantation rates, in comparison with SUZI (Van Steirteghem et al., 1993b). As a result, ICSI has been used worldwide and successfully to treat infertility due to impaired testicular function or obstruction of the excretory ducts resulting in severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia or even azoospermia in the ejaculate. Successful IVF depends on the presence in the ejaculate of a certain number of spermatozoa with good motility and morphology. Riedel et al. (1989) reported minimum andrological requirements for in-vitro fertility by means of conventional IVF: 5 x 106/ml total count, 30% progressive motility and 30% normal morphology. Men with sperm parmeters below these values were considered to have a poor prognosis. Today, however, the most efficient procedure to treat this type of male infertility is ICSI: only one motile (live) spermatozoon is required per mature metaphase II oocyte to be injected. A
منابع مشابه
Thymoqunone treatment of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) compared to in vitro fertilization (IVF) of mice oocytes and their development in vitro
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is used to fertilize oocytes by delivering spermatozoa directly into the ooplasm using micromaniplating devices. Mammalian ICSI, was initially designed to examine the fertilization steps in ooplasm.1 ICSI has wide clinical application and become the method of choice to help overcome male infertility, however, the survival rates and fertilization rates of ...
متن کاملComparison of Embryo Development between Intracytoplasmic and Piezo-Assisted Sperm Injection after Treating Mouse Sperms by Ca2+ Ionophore
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and Piezo-assisted sperm injection after pretreatment with calcium ionophore (CaI) on the mouse embryo development. Methods: In this study, the conventional ICSI and Piezo-ICSI procedures were used. The efficacy of the methods was examined after mouse matured oocytes were fertilized with or witho...
متن کاملThe Outcomes of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection and Laser Assisted Hatching in Women Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization Are Affected by The Cause of Infertility
Background We sought to determine the association between factors that affected clinical pregnancy and live birth rates in patients who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) and received intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and/or laser assisted hatching (LAH), or neither. MaterialsAndMethods In this retrospective cohort study, the records of women who underwent IVF with or without ICSI and...
متن کاملGender incidence of intracytoplasmic morphologically selected sperm injection-derived embryos: a prospective randomized study.
The aim of this prospective randomized study was to determine if the use of intracytoplasmic morphologically selected sperm injection (IMSI) is associated with gender incidence. Couples who underwent IVF-preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) cycles, as a result of advanced maternal age, were randomly allocated into two groups: intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI; n=80) or intracytoplasmic ...
متن کاملSpecial applications of intracytoplasmic sperm injection: the influence of sperm count, motility, morphology, source and sperm antibody on the outcome of ICSI.
The relationship between the three basic parameters of ejaculated spermatozoa, i.e. concentration, motility and morphology, and the results of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were investigated in 838 microinjection cycles. A further 123 ICSI treatment cycles in which testicular spermatozoa were used for microinjection were also evaluated. The influence of anti-sperm antibodies (ASA) on ...
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